Privacy Policy

Privacy Policy for http://pragyablogger.blogspot.in/

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Why do Onions Make us Cry?

Onion is quite Tearful when we consider the Current Price of it in the Market and its impact on our Pocket. Not only they are making us cry Moneywise but they also make us cry in the Kitchen. While there is no immediate solution to the former, there are many for the later. Lets find out.

Onions are a daily part of our Kitchen Life. And they are the most interesting too. Dare you slice them and you are sure to get your due. They hit back at you with their Acids and ensure that for few minutes, you are full of Tears. They are the only Things who can make us cry without Emotions!!! Have you ever felt, why? Well…. Here is the Answer.

When Onions are sliced, their Cells get broken which allows Enzymes called ‘Allinase’ to break down into Amino Acid Sulphoxides and generate Sulphenic Acids. These Acids are unstable and rearrange themselves into a Volatile Gas called ‘Syn-propanethial-S-oxide’. This Gas diffuses through the Air and eventually reaches the Eye, where it reacts with the Water in the Eye to form a diluted Solution ‘Sulphuric Acid’.

Sulphuric Acid irritates the Nerve endings in the Eye, which makes them sting. As a Natural process, our Tear Glands produce more Tears to dilute and flush out the irritant. The Eyes start blinking automatically. Here, it’s a Natural urge to rub the Eye, but it only makes the matters worse.

Some Scientists also claim that its not the Enzyme ‘Allinase’ but it is the Lachrymatory-factor (Lachrymatory – relating to, causing, or containing tears) ‘Synthase’ which is released into the Air when we cut an Onion. This ‘Synthase’ then converts the Sulfoxides (Amino Acids) of the Onion into Sulphenic Acid. The rest of the process is the same.

It only takes about 30 Seconds to start crying after making the first cut.

However, the other Member of the Family ‘Green Onions’ have very less ‘Synthase’ content, and hence they don’t make us cry.

Solutions:

There are numerous ways not to get Tears in the Eyes while chopping Onions. The irony is we are not aware of them. Below is the List:

a) Chew a Piece of Bubble Gum while slicing Onions.

b) Place the Onion in the Freezer for 10 Minutes before cutting it.

c) Soak the Onion in Water before slicing/Cut the Onion in Water.

d) You can Soak the Onion in Salt Water too. The Ionic Solution denatures the Enzyme.

e) Cut the Onion near a running Water or a Cloud of Steam.

f) Whistle while Working. The Air, while doing so, will prevent Fumes to come near Eyes.

g) Use a Sharp Knife that cuts it cleanly. Unclean cutting releases more Fumes.

h) Remove the Onions’ root in the last. This Portion has the highest Concentration of Sulphides.

i) Put a Portion of Bread crust protruding from your Mouth. This absorbs most of the Fumes.

j) Cut the Onions in a well-ventilated Room.

k) Place a burning Candle next to your cutting Board. The Heat will attract the Onion Fumes.

l) While chopping, Breathe through your Mouth instead of Nose.

m) Cover your Eyes properly with Goggles or Wear contact Lenses.

n) Put Vinegar in a chopping Board.

o) Try to cut Fast but safely.

p) Best Tip: Use a Food Processor.

The above are some Tips to follow while chopping Onions. Though it is not practical to remember all of them, we can still remember ones like slicing them in Water or freezing them or breathing through Mouth etc.

Practice some of them and see the Result. Next Time you are in Kitchen braving yourself to cut an Onion, you will Thank me. 

Regards,

Pragya Banerjee
MBA (Finance); 7+ years of work experience
email: pragyasonal@gmail.com
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How to Survive a Heart Attack

A Heart Attack happens when the flow of Oxygen-Rich Blood to a section of Heart Muscle suddenly becomes blocked and the Heart is not able to receive Oxygen. If the Blood flow is not restored quickly, that particular section of Heart Muscle begins to die.

 
Heart Failure is a condition in which the Heart can’t pump enough Blood to meet the needs of the Body.

The Scientific Name of Heart Attack is ‘Myocardial Infarction’ or MI. ‘Myo’ means Muscle, ‘Cardial’ means Heart and ‘Infarction’ means Death of a Tissue due to lack of Blood Supply.

When certain fatty Deposits form along the Walls of the Blood Vessels that lead to the Heart, the Blood Vessels narrow in size. These Deposits can become so thick that they stop the flow of Oxygen-Rich Blood to the Heart Muscle and Blood begins to clot in the surrounding Areas. This results in a Heart Attack. The Attack can result in a disability or death.

 
Risk Factors:

a) Previous Cardiovascular Disease
b) Old Age
c) Tobacco Smoking
d) Cholesterol Saturation
e) Diabetes
f)  High Blood Pressure
g) Lack of Physical Activity
h) Obesity
i) Chronic Kidney Disease
j) Excessive Alcohol Consumption
k) Consumption of Drugs
l) High Stress Levels

Symptoms:

a) Chest Discomfort/Mild Pain – As per a Study, around one-fifth of younger Women (those aged upto 55 years), having a Heart Attack experience no Chest Pain.
b) Coughing
c) Nausea
d) Vomiting
e) Dizziness
f) Heartburn
g) Shortness of Breath
h) Grey Face
i) Restlessness
j) Lots of Perspiration

When somebody has a Heart Attack, the Pain is usually felt in the Chest first. It later spreads to the Neck, Jaw, Ears, Arms and Wrists. It can also be felt at Shoulders, Back and Abdomen. Patients generally describe the Pain as a kind of Pressure inside the Chest. It can last for a few Minutes to some Hours.

The following are some First Aid Tips to apply if you witness anybody suffering from a Heart Attack around you:

a) Relax & don't Panic
b) Loosen Tight Clothes
c) Make the Person Cough  deeply as it can bring the Heart Beat to normal
c) Call Doctor immediately
d) Give Artificial Respiration, if required
e) If you are trained in CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation), apply that.

The First 24 hours after an Attack are very crucial and is a time of highest risk for sudden Cardiac Death. First Six hours are crucial in limiting the damage to the Heart Muscles.

Tips to prevent Heart Attack:

a) Go for routine Health Check-ups
b) Try to avoid Stress as-much-as possible
c) Quit Alcohol/Smoking
d) Eat sensibly and Nutritious Food
e) Control Diabetes/Blood Pressure
f)  Control Weight

The above are some basic Lifestyle Habits we all need to Cultivate in order to prevent ourselves from this Life-threatening incident. Every year since 2000, the last Sunday of September is celebrated as World Heart Day (WHD), a Movement created and promoted by World Heart Federation.
 
Most people are able to return to their normal Schedule, within a few Weeks, after a Heart Attack who had an uncomplicated one. However, regular Check-ups, Tests, strict adherence to Lifestyle changes, taking Medications as prescribed by Doctor are very essential to prevent Future Attacks.

Be Safe and Sound for you and your Family.

Regards,

Pragya Banerjee
MBA (Finance); 7+ years of work experience
email: pragyasonal@gmail.com
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What is Recession & its Causes

Recession is a Worldwide phenomenon. About 90% of the Working Population is directly affected by the term Globally. The people indirectly affected by it are the Families of Workers. It is defined as:

“A consecutive Record of Negative Report in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a Nation for two consecutive Quarters.”

Here is a more in-depth Analysis of the Reasons for Recession Decadewise:

1980s: It initiated way back in 1980s when the transition from Papers to Digital form was just starting and the Bull situation which we witnessed 20 Years back, was in its initial Stage. This was the Time when even owning a Television was a Luxury. Infrastructure and Lifestyle was very Basic and Education till Graduation was considered highly. Documents and Letters which were Typed instead of Hand-written, were given more importance. People were aware about the presence of Computers somewhere but seeing one and working on them was still a far-fetched Destination. The terms ‘Information Technology (IT)’ and ‘Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES)’, were not even coined.

By the End of the Decade, various Courses in Typewriting were on its Peak and its Speed was a main criteria of Selection for various Positions in Government and Private Offices. This opened a lot of Work Opportunities for General Public especially Girls, who became Employable after completing Basic Education and a Course in Typewriting.

1990s: End of 1980s and the beginning of 1990s saw the arrival of Computers in India by our former Prime Minister, Late Mr. Rajiv Gandhi. It was a Revolution in Indian IT Industry. By the Middle of this Decade, the Basic Infrastructure of IT was completed. Computerisation of various Government Offices was prevalent as a much-needed Drive. Demand for Typewriting Courses started slowing down and its Place was taken up by various Computer Courses. Many Big and Small Computer Training Institutes popped up throughout the Country. Demand by Students to learn operating a Computer was extreme but Supply was very Low.

 
The Demand for Computer-Literate Professionals for various Government and Private Jobs also flourished and a better Future was nearing. Even little Knowledge of Computers was enough and given high importance. The Per-capita Income of individuals increased with the opening up of various Entrepreneurial Ventures which were wholly based on Computers. Many new Courses on Software and Hardware Engineering also came up in Colleges and they witnessed a heavy Interest by Students. The Fees for such Courses was very high but yet there was no dearth in the Demand. Thus, by the End of this Decade, we saw the Dawn of Information Technology in India which was set to Position India firmly on the World Map of Technical expertise and IT Education.

2000s:  The start of 21st Century was very special. Computers had established themselves in India and Supply of Education in IT was equal to its Demand. Lots of Management Colleges mushroomed at this Time and were high in Demand. MBA, MCA and related Courses were given unmatched Value and MBAs of 25-26 Years of Age, were recruited with high Pay-packages. There was too much Gap between the Youths of the same Age in the past Decade, who used to get Rs 10,000/- – 15,000/- with the equal Years of quality Education and the Youths of 21st Century who started getting Rs 40,000/- – Rs 50,000/- just after doing MBAs or MCAs. Per-Capita Incomes boomed in Proportion with many Students getting recruited to IT Companies and other flourishing Industries with ever increasing Salaries.

The Main Industries which were directly affected by this Boom were:

a) Real Estate
b) Aviation
c) Banking
d) Hospitality

More-and-more people, started preferring Flights over Trains, even for Short Distances. They started opting to Stay at a 5-Star Hotel on Vacations in Place of 1-Star, which their Parents preferred in earlier Times. This happened due to the accumulation of Wealth and a large portion of Disposable Incomes within Families. So, the Graph was going higher-and-higher in accordance with the Stock Exchange of India and its GDP.

2011 – Present: Everything in the World is cyclical in Nature and situations repeat themselves. Similarly, with every Boom comes a Blast too. Too much of anything is dangerous and this is what is happening since the End of the last Decade and is continuing. Because of so much demand, lots of IT and Management Institutes came up in every corner and started Charging heavy Fees. But, Jobs were Limited and Supply of Job-seekers was high. The Result was that even highly-qualified MBAs, MCAs and Engineers were not getting the Jobs they very much deserved and hence started opting for low-paying ones which were nowhere related to their Qualifications.

As in the time of Boom, the Industries worst affected during this low-Phase were:

a) Real Estate
b) Aviation
c) Banking
d) Hospitality
e) Information Technology

The Professionals which were directly affected were:

a) Software Engineers
b) Management Graduates

Those who were indirectly affected were:

a) Bankers
b) Aviation Professionals

There was a lot of Competition within the Industries as many Big and Small Businesses opened and this affected the Financial Health of the Corporations. The Times were very different than those from 95 – 00 when only a few Companies were enjoying Monopolies. Many Corporations started filing for Bankruptcies at this time and started firing their Staffs. Highly qualified people were now becoming Jobless and were forced to settle for low-paying Jobs.

As a Result, people have started downgrading their Lifestyle now. They are again back to Trains from Flights. The dismal performances of all the Airlines in India since last few Years is a Proof enough. They are again settling for low Star Hotels. So, overall they are again downgrading their Lifestyle which is extremely difficult as they are used to a lavish Lifestyle. 

Recession which was witnessed in 2008 and is again raising its Head. There are a lot of Lessons to be learnt both by our Governments and Industry otherwise the situation can go out of control.

 

Regards,

Pragya Banerjee
MBA (Finance); 7+ years of work experience
email: pragyasonal@gmail.com
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Languages of India

India is a Land of variety. We have so many States, so many Cultures and hence, so many Languages. India is blessed with 22 Official Languages along with several Local ones. These are also known as the ‘Scheduled Languages’ of India. There are two major Indian Language Families – 'Indo Aryan' and 'Dravidian' which are spoken by more than 90% people of India. From the above, about 73% people speak Indo Aryan and 24% speak Dravidian. 

Languages majorly spoken at:

Languages	Majorly spoken at
Sanskrit	Heritage
Hindi	National Language
English	Nationally
Gujarati	Gujarat, Dadar & Nagar Haveli
Punjabi	Punjab
Bengali	West Bengal
Assamese	Assam
Dogri, Urdu	Jammu and Kashmir
Oriya	Orissa
Marathi	Maharashtra
Kannada	Karnataka
Tamil	Tamil Nadu
Telugu	Andhra Pradesh
Malayalam	Kerala
Sindhi	Sindh, now in Pakistan
Konkani	Goa
Manipuri	Manipur
Khasi	Meghalaya
Mizo	Mizoram
Lotha	Nagaland

Besides these, there are various Regional Languages spoken by masses in their respective Regions but don’t have the status of Official Languages like Rajasthani, Bihari, Haryanavi, Bhili, Gondi, Tulu etc. Some Indian Languages have the status of minority Languages like Mahl & Portugese.

As per a Survey conducted on the Indian languages, there are close to 780 Languages in India (including Dialects spoken locally by very less number of people). There can be even more which are yet to be found. It is said that in India a Language changes after every 4 kms. So, you can imagine!!!

However, there is a big threat hovering over our Languages of extinction as has happened in the past. Major Example is the disappearance of Sanskrit, though it is still being considered the origin of all the Languages of India. Similarly, there have been various Local Languages which have and are disappearing as the Natives speaking them are either dying or moving out of their Native places because of change in Professional choices. Due to which, they have to start adopting other Languages and their offsprings eventually lose interest in their original Language. Hence, comes the death of the Language after a few Generations.

Whenever a Language loses its people, it loses popularity and eventually dies. It is not only true for Local Language but it can happen to our major Languages like Hindi too. English, has the habit of viping out Local Languages, where ever it has gone. It has happened with many Countries. But, India is different and we have successfully coped with the arrival of English in our Territory very well. We have accepted it with open Arms and at the same time, have managed to preserve the dignities of our Languages as well.

But, still there is a lot to be done from the Government’s side as-well-as our side to make our Languages strong and not let them die. The Government should make the teaching of Local Languages as-well-as Hindi Language a must for all Schools upto Class 10th. This way Children will get a strong exposure to both forms and it will be easy for them to communicate both to the people in their Regions and also to the people from other parts of India. English must also be taught for Business and Commercial purposes and for communication Worldwide. In simple words, the order of preference in a Region sould be: Local, Hindi, English. But right now, the order is: English, Local, Hindi.  

We also, as Citizens, should try to speak to each other in our own Languages rather than speaking in a Foreign Language. I am not saying we should discard English. It is a very important Language for our Communication with the World. But, it should be dealt with like an additional Language not a main one. This way it will be our step in strengthening our rich Heritage.

We should feel proud in speaking in Indian Languages. Afterall we won’t like the extinction of Hindi, Tamil, Telugu or Bengali after a few Generations. Will we?

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Regards,

Pragya Banerjee
MBA (Finance); 7+ years of work experience
email: pragyablogger@gmail.com
pragyasonal@gmail.com
https://www.facebook.com/pragyasblog
https://twitter.com/pragyasonal
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/pragya-banerjee/15/311/aa9